Improvement in rolls for hair-dressing



` the wire are made around it.

` UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. i

ELIAS SCHNAUTZ, OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN ROLLS FOR HAIR-DRESSING.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 111,388, dated January 3l, 1871; aiitedaterl January 2l, 1371.

. are termed .rolls or shorthair of coarse wool, and the ordinary practice has been to attach long tufts of the coarse wool to a central cord or string by means of iine wire wound tightly around. Each lock is applied separately to the string, and one or more turns of Such work is manufactured with tolerable rapidity by eX- g pert hands, but is open to various objections,

among the more serious of which are the roughness of the rolls when they are disturbed by a movementl of the hand in the wrong direction, and the annoyance due to frequent breakages of the wire and the protrusion of the ends. My improved roll is made by machinery, is uniform in its structure, may be rubbed either way without producing` roughness, and is more uniform, more loose or open in its nature, and is of lessweight, while it may be manufactured much more rapidly and cheaply than the ordinary hand-made rolls.

I will proceed to describe what I consider the best means of carrying out my invention7 and will afterward designate the point which I believe to be new.

Figure l is avertical section of the material in the act of being laid together around a drum to form a thick layer or bat with the fibers nearly parallel. Fig. 2 shows the same bat after being removed from the drum and eX- ,l tended on a fiat surface and cut up into equal 'no minute description.- Fig. 6 is a section The accompanying d raw-- `ings form a part of this specification.

through the sewed bat. Fig. 7 is another section at right angles to the last, and Fig. S is a cross-section of the completed roll.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the gures.

I take wool or any other suitable material, coarse or fine, which may beuniform in length or of various lengths, and having thoroughly cleaned it by the ordinary mea-ns and carded it into approximately regular and parallel positions of the fibers, I lead thebroadthin sheet of carded fibers from the doffer of the 'last earding-maehine, (not represented,) and wind it upon a slowly-revolving cylinder, A. There may be one hundred or more layers of the material. At each revolution it passes under a wetted roller, B, which presses the last layer down upon the preceding and very slightly compacts the whole together. After a sufficient thickness has been wound upon the drum A, I suspend the operation, and cutting across smoothly, I unwind and remove the envelope and spread it flat upon the table. I then cut this across into several pieces, each as nearly rectangular as may be, and pile them together with book-boards or thick pasteboard between and submit the whole to a very heavy and long-continued pressure in a hydraulic or other powerful press. (Not represented.) I have designated the several sections of woolen layers thus cut up and compacted by the letter C, Fig. 3, and the book-boards which lie between by the letter D. These sheets C are afterward sewed through in parallel lines, and eut apart between the lines. The compressed material recovers its elasticity with more or less rapidity, and soon becomes a cylindrical roll of highly elastic, light, and flexible character admirably suited for the purpose intended.

In the manufacture of my improved rolls I have found it best to employ sewing-machines adapted for the work by having an extra amount of lift to the presser-foot, which is larger' and longer than usual, and bent up at the front, and by providing about double the ordinary tension on the springs applied to the presser-foot, and elevating the feeding device.

In sewing the bats I prefer to use a stout linen thread, and have found it well to assist the feed by pressing withfthe hands upon the bat or flat mass C, and` urging it forward at gitudinally along one of the seams in my mal terial G before it is cut through and allowed to expand into rolls. It shows the lock-stitch. The vupper thread is represented by I and the lower by J. The material C is always liable to expand considerably immediately on c0ming from the press, and continues to expand more or less rapidly afterward, so that it is certain to be swelled between the lines of the seams.

letters C C', Fig. 7.

In Fig. 7 I have shown a section through the material C at right angles to that in Fig. 6. In this figure the places where the mate- I have indicated these swells by the rial is to be cut are indicated by dotted lines. The cutting may be eifected either with a machine for the purpose or by ordinary shears.

The rolls may be made of Various lengths in the first place, so as to economize the Inaterial, or, when desired, the pieces may be cut off laty each end at right angles to the line of the seams before the material is divided by iinally cutting into rolls; and in each case the material so cut off at the ends, which from being near the edge of the original roll A or from any other cause may be imperfect, may be again worked over and mixed .with other stock.

Asia new article of manufacture, a roll for the purposes specified, made substantially in the manner herein set forth.

E. SCI-INAUTZ.

Vitnesses:

XV. H. BAKER, IV. C. DEY. 

